四川旅游学院学报

国家公园是生态文明建设的重大制度创新,测度其生态系统健康是生态保护第一性的核心命题,明晰生态系统健康与旅游产业集群的时空关联特征是理解生态保护与旅游开发关系的关键。文章基于VSR模型和DBSCAN聚类算法,解析2010—2020年黄山国家公园创建区生态系统健康的时空演化规律,同时识别旅游住宿业集群的空间分布与时间变迁特征,并运用双变量空间自相关分析法,探究生态系统健康状况与住宿业集群发展之间的时空耦合关系。结果表明:(1)研究期间黄山国家公园生态系统健康水平整体处于上升趋势,高值区域出现在创建区,低值区域出现在毗邻区;(2)黄山国家公园住宿业集群表现出“5-9-9”的变化特征,住宿业集群随时间逐渐增多并变大,多数位于毗邻区的南北两端;(3)生态系统健康与旅游住宿业集群存在显著的空间锁定效应,二者存在四种集聚类型,其中以高—低类型、低—高类型和低—低类型为主,但高—高类型的存在也表明生态系统健康与旅游开发可以实现共赢。研究深化了对生态系统健康与旅游产业发展互动关系的理解,为推动国家公园生态保护及产业生态化实践提供参考。

National parks represent a major institutional innovation in the construction of an ecological civilization. Measuring their ecosystem health is a core proposition of the principle of ecological protection as a priority,and clarifying the spatiotemporal correlation between ecosystem health and tourism industry clusters is key to understanding the relationship between ecological protection and tourism development. Based on the VSR model and the DBSCAN clustering algorithm,this paper investigates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of ecosystem health levels and tourism accommodation clusters in the Huangshan National Park from 2010 to 2020.Using bivariate spatial autocorrelation,it analyzes the spatiotemporal correlation between ecosystem health and accommodation clusters. The results indicate that:(1)During the study period,the ecosystem health level of the Huangshan National Park was on an overall upward trend,with high-value areas appearing in the established creation area and low-value areas in adjacent areas;(2)The accommodation industry cluster in Huangshan National Park exhibits the 5-9-9 variation pattern. Over time,the cluster has gradually increased in both number and scale,with the majority located at the northern and southern ends of the adjacent areas;(3)A significant spatial lock-in effect exists between ecosystem health and accommodation clusters,with four types of agglomeration patterns identified. This study deepens the understanding of the interactive relationship between ecosystem health and tourism industry development in national parks,providing references for promoting ecological protection and industrial ecologicalization practices in national parks.